The rise of religious movements that challenge…
1840 CE to 1851 CE
Of special significance is the Pietist movement, in which the farmer-evangelist Paavo Ruotsalainen (1777-1852) is the most important figure.
The Pietists popularize the notion of personal religion, an idea that appeals to the agrarian population. Pietism eventually has much influence within the Lutheran Church of Finland; it is also influential among Finnish emigrants to the United States, where, among other things, it provides an effective counterweight to Finnish political radicalism.