Fra Bartolommeo is established as the leading painter in Florence by 1510.

The influential Sandro Botticelli, who has apparently worked little since the 1494 expulsion of the Medici from Florence and seems to have suffered extreme financial hardship, dies at sixty-five on May 17, 1510.

Although Florentine painting began to move rapidly in new directions after 1500, Botticelli’s most gifted pupil, Filippino Lippi, son of his first teacher, had carried his style into the next generation.

Andrea del Sarto's San Filippo Benizzi fresco series, executed in 1510 for the atrium of Santissima Annunziata in Florence, owe their fantastic landscapes to the conservative style of Piero di Cosimo, who has has become known as a painter of charming mythological scenes such as Venus, Mars and Cupid, (now in the Gemäldegalerie, Berlin, Germany).

The haunting painting variously known as The Death of Procris, A Satyr mourning over a Nymph or simply as A Mythological Subject is an unsigned and undated panel painting in the National Gallery in London, United Kingdom, securely attributed to Piero di Cosimo (who never signs his works).

Its date is uncertain, and its subject has been a matter of dispute.

The name The Death of Procris (Italian: Morte di Procri) has been used since the nineteenth century, and is supposed to have been inspired by Ovid's tale of the death of Procris at the hands of her husband Cephalus, in Metamorphoses VII.

The National Gallery has rejected this title since at least Cecil Gould's catalogue of 1951, since when it has preferred to describe the subject as "A Mythological Subject" or "A Satyr mourning over a Nymph".

Despite the uncertainty surrounding the subject matter, the painting, which shows a satyr mourning over the body of a young woman, has been one of the most popular works by Piero di Cosimo.