Any attempt to retain Venezuela by force…

Any attempt to retain Venezuela by force has virtually no support in New Granada (the traditional name for the Colombian provinces carried over from the dissolved United Provinces of New Granada).

Instead, many New Granadans are happy to see the Venezuelans go.

Under these circumstances, the more moderate elements of Bolivar's party take charge in Bogota, even admitting some of the recently repressed Santanderistas to a share of power.

Bolivar resigns the presidency, intending to go into voluntary exile, but in December 1830, before he can set sail, he dies at Santa Marta on the coast.

By this time, Ecuador has followed Venezuela's example to become an independent state.