The Gilgit agency is made permanent in…

The Gilgit agency is made permanent in 1889.

A British expedition is sent against Hunza and Nagar, which submit to British control.

The British appoint a new mir from the ruling family of Hunza.

British garrisons are established in Hunza and Chitral in 1892.

A formal protectorate is declared over Chitral and Gilgit in 1893.

Also in 1893, Sir Mortimer Durand negotiates an agreement with Amir Abdur Rahman Khan of Afghanistan to fix an only partially surveyed line (the Durand Line) running from Chitral to Balochistan to designate the areas of influence for the Afghans and the British.

Each party pledges not to interfere in each other's lands.

This agreement brings under British domination territory and peoples that have not yet been conquered (and will become the source of much difficulty between Pakistan and Afghanistan in the future).

The establishment of British hegemony in the northwest frontier regions does not lead to direct administration similar to that in other parts of India.

Local customary law continues, as do the traditional lines of authority and social customs upheld by the maliks (tribal chiefs).

Largely, the frontier is little more than a vast buffer zone with Afghanistan between the British and Russian empires in Asia and a training ground for the British Indian Army.