Increased security in the Palestinian countryside and…

Increased security in the Palestinian countryside and the Ottoman Land Law of 1858 encourage the development of private property, agricultural production for the world market, the decline of tribal social organization, growth of the population, and the enrichment of the notable families.

As the Ottomans extend the central government's new military, municipal, judicial, and educational systems to Palestine, the country also witnesses a marked increase in foreign settlements and colonies: French, Russian, and German.