Philip II of Spain, the widowed twenty-seven…
July 1554 CE
Philip II of Spain, the widowed twenty-seven year-old son of Habsburg Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, weds England’s thirty-eight-year-old Queen Mary on July 25, 1554, at Winchester Cathedral.
Philip rules England jointly with Mary from this point.
Under the terms of the marriage treaty, Philip is to be styled "King of England", all official documents (including Acts of Parliament) are to be dated with both their names and Parliament is to be called under the joint authority of the couple.
Philip's powers, however, are extremely limited; he and Mary are not true joint sovereigns.
Coins are to also show the head of both Mary and Philip.
The marriage treaty further provides that England will not be obliged to provide military support to Philip's father, the Holy Roman Emperor, in any war.
Although there is no direct evidence that Mary is the most important patron of Flemish painter Hans Eworth, most scholars now accept this to be the case.
All his known portraits of Mary I appear to be variants of a portrait in the National Portrait Gallery, London (right) which is signed 'HE' and dated 1554 at the top left.
A second portrait, now in the Society of Antiquaries collection, is also signed and dated 1554.
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Hans Eworth: Mary I of England (1554)
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