The armies of Charles XII of Sweden had repelled and taken up pursuit of the armies of Augustus the Strong, Elector of Saxony, king of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, by 1702, defeating them in July at Klissow near Pińczów on the Nida in southern Poland.

In their military hospital in Pińczów, the Swedish army suffers its first plague infections of soldiers, recorded on the basis of reports from "trustworthy people from that very land" by Danzig (Gdańsk) physician Johann Christoph Gottwald.

In Poland, the plague will recur in various places until 1714.

Marlborough and Eugene had separated again, following the Battle of Blenheim, with the former going to the Low Countries, and the latter to Italy.

Little progress is made in 1705 by either France or the Allies in any theater.

While Marlborough's attempted invasion of France down the Moselle comes to naught, and although he manages to wrong-foot Villeroy and break through the Lines of Brabant, he is unable to bring the French commander to battle.

Villars and Louis of Baden maneuver indecisively on the Rhine, and the story is much the same for Vendôme and Eugene in Italy.

Further forays, principally executed by the Creeks, are made into northern Florida in the wake of Moore's raids.

Creeks in August 1704 had destroyed the Yustagan missions of San Pedro and San Mateo; a year later they attack the Apalachee at Abosaya.

Further attacks against Abosaya the next month prompt the survivors to flee to St. Augustine.

Creek raiders besiege San Francisco de Potano and attack the La Chua ranch near Abosaya in the spring of 1706; both of these are abandoned, and Timucua is virtually depopulated by May 1706.

According to Apalachee scholar John Hamm, between Moore's raids and these later ones, two thousand natives went into exile, and an unknown number were enslaved.

Bienville wrote that raiding in the Florida area had resulted in the killing of two thousand Apalachees and the capture of thirty-two Spaniards, seventeen of whom were burned alive.

The Spanish presence in Florida by the end of 1706 has been reduced to St. Augustine and Pensacola.

The Province of Carolina incorporates the town of Bath on March 8, 1705, making it the first incorporated town in present day North Carolina.

The town will become the political center and de facto capital of the northern portion of the Province of Carolina until Edenton is incorporated in 1722.

French support for Rákóczi's struggle has gradually diminished, and a larger army is needed to occupy the already-won land.

Supplying the current army with arms and food is beyond his means.

He has tried to solve this problem by creating a new copper-based coinage, which is not easily accepted in Hungary as people are used to silver coins.

Rákóczi nevertheless manages to maintain his military advantage for a while.

A meeting of the Hungarian Diet (consisting of six bishops, thirty-six aristocrats and about a thousand representatives of the lower nobility of twenty-five counties), held near Szécsény (Nógrád county) in September 1705, elects Rákóczi to be the "fejedelem"—(ruling) prince—of the Confederated Estates of the Kingdom of Hungary, to be assisted by a twenty-four-member Senate.

Rákóczi and the Senate are assigned joint responsibility for the conduct of foreign affairs, including peace talks.

The Dublin Gazette, the gazette, or official newspaper, of the Irish Executive, Britain's government in Ireland based at Dublin Castle, publishes its first edition on November 5, 1705.

It publishes notices of government business, including Royal Proclamations, the granting of Royal Assent to bills, writs of election, appointments to public offices, commissions and promotions in the Armed Forces, and awards of honors, as well as notices of insolvency, and of changes of names or of arms.

As with the parallel London Gazette, the strapline is "Published by Authority".

Thomas Twining opens the first known tea room at 216 Strand, London, still open as of 2012.

The Sophia Naturalization Act passed by the English Parliament in December 1705 naturalizes Sophia of Hanover and the "issue of her body" as English subjects.

Parliament has also established the first turnpike trusts, which place a length of road under the control of trustees drawn from local landowners and traders.

The turnpike trusts borrow capital for road maintenance against the security of tolls; this arrangement will become the common method of road maintenance for the next one hundred and fifty years.

Peace talks, encouraged by England and the Netherlands, had started again on October 27, 1705, between the Kuruc leaders and the Emperor.

Military operations continue, however, and both sides vary their strategy according to the military situation.

 Kuruc forces led by János Bottyán on December 13 defeat the Austrians at Szentgotthárd.

One stumbling block is the sovereignty over Transylvania—neither side is prepared to give it up.