The Ayyubid dynasty is riven by internal…
1239 CE
The Ayyubid dynasty is riven by internal quarrels following the death of Sultan al-Kamil in 1238.
The primary instigators are the slave army, the Mamluks (literally, “owned”), originally recruited as young boys from enslaved non-Arab people, first of Turkic and later of other ethnic groups, who are then converted to Islam, imported to serve various traditional Muslim rulers after training as soldiers and officials, and set free.
People
Groups
Muslims, Sunni
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Papal States (Republic of St. Peter)
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Holy Roman Empire
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Pisa, (first) Republic of
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Genoa, (Most Serene) Republic of
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Christians, Roman Catholic
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Jerusalem, Latin Kingdom of
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Hospitallers of St. John of Jerusalem
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Templar, Knights (Poor Knights of Christ and of the Temple of Solomon)
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Venice, (Most Serene) Republic of
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Damascus, Ayyubid Dynasty of
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Egypt, Ayyubid Sultanate of
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Teutonic Knights of Acre (House of the Hospitalers of Saint Mary of the Teutons in Jerusalem)
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Cyprus, Kingdom of
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Sicily, Hohenstaufen Kingdom of
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