The destruction of Athens' fleet at Aegospotami…

The destruction of Athens' fleet at Aegospotami effectively ends the Peloponnesian War, and Athens surrenders in the following year.

Sparta has resoundingly failed to destroy the Athenian empire, and in this sense Athens, whatever its financial and human losses, has won the Peloponnesian War.

Thucydides observes that contemporary Greeks were shocked not that Athens eventually fell after the defeat in Sicily, but rather that it fought on for as long as it did, so devastating were the losses suffered.

The Corinthian War, pitting Sparta against a coalition of four allied states, Thebes, Athens, Corinth, and Argos, which are initially backed by Persia, lasts from 395 BCE until 387 BCE.

The immediate cause of the war was a local conflict in northwest Greece in which both Thebes and Sparta intervened.

The results are inconclusive: under the Peace of Antalcidas, dictated by Persia, Ionia is ceded to Persia and the Boeotian league is dissolved, as is the union of Argos and Corinth.