The Knights' new capital city of Valletta…

Naresuan, after repelling three more Burmese invasions of Ayutthaya in the past two years, in 1586 occupies Lanna, a buffer state between the two kingdoms.

Hideyoshi conquers the large islands of Shikoku and ...

...Kyushu, achieving some of his victories with Ieyasu's assistance.

Ieyasu moves his headquarters even farther to the east in 1586, for greater security, away from Hideyoshi, to Sumpu, the town he had known years before as a hostage.

The Kuroda daimyo family of northern Kyushu builds a castle in 1587 at the mouth of the Yamakuni River facing the Inland Sea, around which begins to develop the town of Nakatsu.

Yermak Timofeyevich's Cossacks establish Tobolsk in 1585 – 1586 during the first Russian advance into Siberia near the ruins of the Sibir Khanate's capital, Qashliq.

Situated at the confluence of the rivers Tobol and Irtysh, it is destined to become of the chief centers of early Russian colonization in Siberia because it lies along an important river route to the east.

The first Russian city in Siberia, renamed Tyumen in 1586, is the former Chingi-Tura, a Tatar town founded in the fourteenth century and situated on both banks of the Tura River in the southwestern part of the West Siberian Plain.

It is today the administrative center and the largest city of Tyumen Oblast in the Urals Federal District.

The Jews of Poland establish the “Council of the Four Lands” in 1586.

This area, with such urban centers as Krakow, ...

...Poznan, ...

...Lwów, and ...