Spain's liberal system fails once more because…
1821 CE
Spain's liberal system fails once more because it is a minority creed sustained by a section of the army—the military radicals such as Rafael de Riego—against a mounting conservative reaction that has been fed once more by an attack on the church, especially the monasteries.
The liberals themselves split.
The more conservative wing (led by Francisco Martínez de la Rosa, a dramatist) seeks a more moderate constitution, based on the French Charter of 1814, which would give better representation to the upper classes and would not be totally unacceptable to the king, as was the “prison” of the Constitution of 1812.
Ferdinand gives no support whatsoever to this movement and, in a cowardly fashion, disowns a rising of the guards' regiments that backs it.
Thus the extreme radicals (exaltados) gain control by means of demonstrations in the streets, organized by clubs run on the lines of the Jacobins of the French Revolution.
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Southwest Europe
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