Not only has Charlemagne's empire been divided…

820 CE to 975 CE

Not only has Charlemagne's empire been divided into three kingdoms, but the East Frankish Kingdom is being weakened by the rise of regional duchies, the so-called stem duchies of Franconia, Saxony, Bavaria, Swabia, and Lorraine, which acquire the trappings of petty kingdoms.

The fragmentation in the east marks the beginning of German particularism, in which territorial rulers promote their own interests and autonomy without regard to the kingdom as a whole.

The duchies are strengthened when the Carolingian line dies out in 911; subsequent kings will have no direct blood link to the throne with which to legitimate their claims to power against the territorial dukes.

Groups
Franks View → Germans View → Bavaria, Carolingian Duchy of View → Frankish, or Carolingian (Roman) Empire View → Saxony, Duchy of View → Francia Occidentalis (West Francia, or France), Kingdom of View → Francia Orientalis (East Francia), Kingdom of View → Francia Media (Middle Francia), Kingdom of View → Lotharingia, Duchy of View → Franconia, Duchy of View → Bavaria, Luitpolding Duchy of View → Swabia, Duchy of View →

Subjects
Origins View → Language View → Government View →

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Group: Teutonic Knights of Venice (House of the Hospitalers of Saint Mary of the Teutons in Jerusalem)
People: Otto I, Duke of Swabia and Bavaria
Location: Hami (Kumul) Xinjiang Uygur Zizhiqu (Sinkiang) China
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