The Karamanli regime, however, declines under Ahmad's…

The Karamanli regime, however, declines under Ahmad's successors.

Then in 1793, a Turkish officer, Ali Benghul, overthrows the Karamanlis and restores Tripoli to Ottoman rule.

With the aid of the bey of Tunis, Yusuf ibn Ali Karamanli (reigned 1795-1832) returns to Tripoli and installs himself as pasha.

A throwback to the founder of the dynasty, he tames the tribes and defies both the Porte and British naval power to assist Napoleon Bonaparte during his Egyptian campaign in 1799.