Mehmed II, sent once more to Manisa in 1446 with Zaganos and Sihâbeddin, newly appointed as his tutors, continues to consider himself the legal sultan.
Mehmed was born on March 30, 1432, in Edirne, at that time the capital city of the Ottoman state.
His father is Sultan Murad II and his mother Valide Sultan Hüma Hatun, born in Devrekani county of Kastamonu province.
When Mehmed II was eleven years old he had been sent with his two tutors to Amasya to govern and thus gain experience, as per the custom of Ottoman rulers before his time.
Murad II had abdicated the throne to his twelve-year-old son after making peace with the Karaman Emirate in Anatolia in August 1444.
Sultan Murad II had sent him a number of teachers under whom he is to study.
This Islamic education had had a great impact in molding the mindset of Mehmed and reinforcing his Muslim beliefs.
He had begun to praise and promote the application of Sharia law.
Influenced in his practice of Islamic epistemology by contemporaneous practitioners of science—particularly by his mentor, Molla Gürani—he had followed their approach.
The influence of Ak Şemseddin in Mehmed's life had become predominant from a young age, especially in the imperative of fulfilling his Islamic duty to overthrow the Roman empire by conquering Constantinople.
In his first reign, he had defeated the crusade led by János Hunyadi after the Hungarian incursions into his country had broken the conditions of the truce Peace of Szeged.
Cardinal Julian Cesarini, the representative of the pope, had persuaded the king of Hungary that breaking the truce with Muslims was not a betrayal.
Mehmed II had asked Murad II to reclaim the throne at this time, but his father had refused.
Angry at his father, who had long since retired to a contemplative life in southwestern Anatolia, Mehmed II wrote, "If you are the Sultan, come and lead your armies. If I am the Sultan, I hereby order you to come and lead my armies."
It was only after receiving this letter that Murad II had led the Ottoman army and won the Battle of Varna in 1444.
It is said Murad II's return to the throne had been forced by Çandarli Halil Paşa, the grand vizier, who was not fond of Mehmed II's rule because Mehmed II's influential teacher has a rivalry with Çandarli.
