Hesse, Lower (Kassel), Landgraviate of

Lower Hesse is a historic designation for an area in northern Hesse, Germany.The term Lower Hesse originates for the so-called "lower principality" of Hesse, which had been separated until 1450 from the so-called "upper principality" (later Upper Hesse) by the comital lands of Ziegenhain.

It covers the area at the lower part of the Fulda and Eder rivers, and the Schwalm, Werra and Upper Weser rivers, including the towns of Kassel, Homberg (Efze), Melsungen, and Rotenburg an der Fulda.Following the death in 1567 of Landgrave Philip the Magnanimous, Hesse is divided up among his four sons, with Lower Hesse becoming the heart of the new Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel, which goes to his son William IV.

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