Hyksos, Kingdom of

The Hyksos (Egyptian: "foreign rulers"; Greek, Arabic: shepherd kings) are an Asiatic people who take over the eastern Nile Delta during the twelfth dynasty, initiating the Second Intermediate Period of ancient Egypt.

The Hyksos first appear in Egypt during the eleventh dynasty, begin their climb to power in the thirteenth dynasty, and come out of the second intermediate period in control of Avaris and the Delta.

By the fifteenth dynasty, they ruled Lower Egypt, and at the end of the seventeenth dynasty, they are expelled.

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