Yörüks
Nation | Active
1000 CE to 2057 CE
The Yörüks, also Yuruks or Yorouk, are a Turkish ethnic group, some of whom are nomadic, primarily inhabiting the mountains of Anatolia and partly Balkan peninsula.
Their name derives from the Turkish verb yürü- (yürümek in infinitive), which means "to walk", with the word yörük or yürük designating "those who walk, walkers".
During the Ottoman Emoire, Yörüks live within the Yörük Sanjak (Turkish: Yörük Sancağı) which is not a territorial unit like other sanjaks but a separate organizational unit of the Ottoman Empire.
Related Events
Active Filters
Refine Results
Showing 10 events out of 13 total
The eastern provinces of the Ottoman Empire are historically insecure; the Kurdish rebels attack the Armenian inhabitants of towns and villages with impunity.
Sultan Abdul Hamid II gives semi-official status to the Kurdish bandits in 1890-91, at a time when the empire is either too weak and disorganized or reluctant to halt them.
Made up mainly of Kurdish tribes, but also of Turks, Yöruk, Arabs, Turkmens and Circassians, and armed by the state, they come to be called the Hamidiye Alaylari ("Hamidian Regiments").
The Hamidiye and Kurdish brigands are given free rein to attack Armenians, confiscating stores of grain, foodstuffs, and driving off livestock, and confident of escaping punishment as they are subjects of military courts only.
Sultan Abdul Hamid II gives semi-official status to the Kurdish bandits in 1890-91, at a time when the empire is either too weak and disorganized or reluctant to halt them.
Made up mainly of Kurdish tribes, but also of Turks, Yöruk, Arabs, Turkmens and Circassians, and armed by the state, they come to be called the Hamidiye Alaylari ("Hamidian Regiments").
The Hamidiye and Kurdish brigands are given free rein to attack Armenians, confiscating stores of grain, foodstuffs, and driving off livestock, and confident of escaping punishment as they are subjects of military courts only.
The Armenians, in the face of such abuses and violence by the Ottoman government-sponsored irregulars, have established revolutionary organizations, namely the Social Democrat Hunchakian Party (Hunchak; founded in Switzerland in 1887) and the Armenian Revolutionary Federation (the ARF or Dashnaktsutiun, founded in 1890 in Tiflis).
Clashes have ensued and unrest occurs in 1892 at Merzifon and in 1893 at Tokat.
Clashes have ensued and unrest occurs in 1892 at Merzifon and in 1893 at Tokat.
The Sultan, in a precursor to the Hamidian massacres, begins to target the Armenian people in 1894.
This persecution strengthens nationalistic sentiment among Armenians.
The first notable battle in the Armenian resistance takes place in Sasun.
Hunchak activists, such as Mihran Damadian, Hampartsoum Boyadjian, and Hrayr, encourage resistance against double taxation and Ottoman persecution.
The ARF arms the people of the region.
The Armenians confront the Ottoman army and Kurdish irregulars at Sasun, finally succumbing to superior numbers and to Turkish assurances of amnesty (which will never be granted).
In response to the resistance at Sasun, the governor of Mush responds by inciting the local Muslims against the Armenians.
Scottish historian Patrick Balfour, 3rd Baron Kinross, will write that massacres of this kind were often achieved by gathering Muslims in a local mosque and claiming that the Armenians had the aim of "striking at Islam."
Sultan Abdul Hamid sends the Ottoman army into the area and also arms groups of Kurdish irregulars.
The violence spreads and affects most of the Armenian towns in the Ottoman Empire.
This persecution strengthens nationalistic sentiment among Armenians.
The first notable battle in the Armenian resistance takes place in Sasun.
Hunchak activists, such as Mihran Damadian, Hampartsoum Boyadjian, and Hrayr, encourage resistance against double taxation and Ottoman persecution.
The ARF arms the people of the region.
The Armenians confront the Ottoman army and Kurdish irregulars at Sasun, finally succumbing to superior numbers and to Turkish assurances of amnesty (which will never be granted).
In response to the resistance at Sasun, the governor of Mush responds by inciting the local Muslims against the Armenians.
Scottish historian Patrick Balfour, 3rd Baron Kinross, will write that massacres of this kind were often achieved by gathering Muslims in a local mosque and claiming that the Armenians had the aim of "striking at Islam."
Sultan Abdul Hamid sends the Ottoman army into the area and also arms groups of Kurdish irregulars.
The violence spreads and affects most of the Armenian towns in the Ottoman Empire.
The French vice consul of Diyarbakır, Gustave Meyrier, recounts to Ambassador Paul Cambon stories of Armenian women and children being assaulted and killed and described the attackers "as cowardly as they were cruel. They refused to attack where people defended themselves and instead concentrated on defenseless districts."
The worst atrocity takes place in Urfa, where Ottoman troops burn the Armenian cathedral, in which three thousand Armenians have taken refuge, and shoot at anyone who tries to escape.
The worst atrocity takes place in Urfa, where Ottoman troops burn the Armenian cathedral, in which three thousand Armenians have taken refuge, and shoot at anyone who tries to escape.
The Great Powers (Britain, France, Russia) force Hamid to sign a new reform package designed to curtail the powers of the Hamidiye in October 1895 which, like the Berlin treaty, will never be implemented.
On October 1, 1895, two thousand Armenians assembled in Constantinople to petition for the implementation of the reforms, but Ottoman police units converge on the rally and violently break it up.[
Upon receiving the reform package, the sultan is said to have remarked, "This business will end in blood."
On October 1, 1895, two thousand Armenians assembled in Constantinople to petition for the implementation of the reforms, but Ottoman police units converge on the rally and violently break it up.[
Upon receiving the reform package, the sultan is said to have remarked, "This business will end in blood."
...Bitlis, ...
...Diyarbakir, ...
...Erzurum, ...
Massacres of Armenians soon break out in Constantinople, then engulf the rest of the Armenian-populated vilayets of ...
...Sivas, ...
Loading...