São João del Rei Minas Gerais Brazil
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The Inconfidência Mineira is the first attempt at Brazilian independence from Portugal.
The Inconfidência is inspired by the ideals of the French liberal philosophers of the Age of Enlightenment and the successful American Revolution of 1776.
The conspirators largely belong to the white upper class of minerals-rich Minas Gerais.
Many have studied in Europe, especially in the University of Coimbra, and some have large debts with the colonial government.
In the context of declining gold production, the intention of the Portuguese government to impose the obligatory payment of all debts (the derrama) is a leading cause behind the conspiracy.
The conspirators want to create a republic in which the leader will be chosen through democratic elections.
The capital will be São João del Rei, and Ouro Preto will become a university town.
The structure of the society, including the right to property and the ownership of slaves, will be kept intact.
Eventually, three participants in the independence movement reveal the conspirators' plans to the government, and the rebels are arrested in 1789.
Among the movement's members are the lawyer Alvarenga Peixoto, the poets Tomás Antônio Gonzaga and Cláudio Manuel da Costa, the priest José da Silva de Oliveira Rolim, and the alferes Joaquim José da Silva Xavier (a.k.a. "Tiradentes").
After Joaquim Silvério dos Reis (1756–1792), a member of the conspiracy, informs on the movement before it could take place, Peixoto is captured, arrested, and sent to exile in the city of Ambaca, in Portuguese Angola, another colony of the Portuguese Empire, where he will remain until the end of his life.
The Inconfidência is inspired by the ideals of the French liberal philosophers of the Age of Enlightenment and the successful American Revolution of 1776.
The conspirators largely belong to the white upper class of minerals-rich Minas Gerais.
Many have studied in Europe, especially in the University of Coimbra, and some have large debts with the colonial government.
In the context of declining gold production, the intention of the Portuguese government to impose the obligatory payment of all debts (the derrama) is a leading cause behind the conspiracy.
The conspirators want to create a republic in which the leader will be chosen through democratic elections.
The capital will be São João del Rei, and Ouro Preto will become a university town.
The structure of the society, including the right to property and the ownership of slaves, will be kept intact.
Eventually, three participants in the independence movement reveal the conspirators' plans to the government, and the rebels are arrested in 1789.
Among the movement's members are the lawyer Alvarenga Peixoto, the poets Tomás Antônio Gonzaga and Cláudio Manuel da Costa, the priest José da Silva de Oliveira Rolim, and the alferes Joaquim José da Silva Xavier (a.k.a. "Tiradentes").
After Joaquim Silvério dos Reis (1756–1792), a member of the conspiracy, informs on the movement before it could take place, Peixoto is captured, arrested, and sent to exile in the city of Ambaca, in Portuguese Angola, another colony of the Portuguese Empire, where he will remain until the end of his life.
Judicial proceedings against the conspirators of the Inconfidência Mineira have lasted from 1789 to 1792.
Lieutenant Colonel Freire de Andrade, Tiradentes, José Álvares Maciel, and eight others had been condemned to the gallows.
Seven more had been condemned to perpetual banishment in Africa, the rest have been acquitted.
Following the trial, Queen Maria I had commuted the sentences of capital punishment to perpetual banishment for all except those whose activities involved aggravated circumstances.
That is the case for Tiradentes, who takes full responsibility for the conspiracy movement and is imprisoned in Rio de Janeiro, where he is hanged on April 21, 1792.
Afterwards, his body is torn into pieces, which are sent to Vila Rica in the captaincy of Minas Gerais, to be displayed in the places where he had propagated his revolutionary ideas.
The anniversary of his death will be celebrated as a national holiday in Brazil.
Lieutenant Colonel Freire de Andrade, Tiradentes, José Álvares Maciel, and eight others had been condemned to the gallows.
Seven more had been condemned to perpetual banishment in Africa, the rest have been acquitted.
Following the trial, Queen Maria I had commuted the sentences of capital punishment to perpetual banishment for all except those whose activities involved aggravated circumstances.
That is the case for Tiradentes, who takes full responsibility for the conspiracy movement and is imprisoned in Rio de Janeiro, where he is hanged on April 21, 1792.
Afterwards, his body is torn into pieces, which are sent to Vila Rica in the captaincy of Minas Gerais, to be displayed in the places where he had propagated his revolutionary ideas.
The anniversary of his death will be celebrated as a national holiday in Brazil.