Sound of Arisaig United Kingdom

Some ranking Jacobites had made their way to Loch nan Uamh, where Charles Edward Stuart had first landed at the outset of the campaign in 1745.

Here on April 30 they had been met by the two French frigates—the Mars and Bellone.

Two days later the French warships are spotted and attacked by the smaller Royal Navy sloops—the Greyhound, Baltimore, and Terror.

The result is the last real battle in the campaign.

During the six hours in which the ferocious sea battle rages, the Jacobites recover cargo on the beach that had been landed by the French ships.

In all, thirty-five thousand pounds worth of gold are recovered along with supplies.

Invigorated by the vast amounts of loot and visible proof that the French had not deserted them, the group of Highland chiefs decides to prolong the campaign.

Lochiel, Lochgarry, Clanranald and Barisdale had all agreed at nearby Murlaggan on May 8 to rendezvous at Invermallie on May 18.

The plan is that there they would be joined by what remained of Keppoch's men and Cluny Macpherson's regiment (which had not taken part in the battle at Culloden).

However, things have not gone as planned.

After about a month of relative inactivity, Cumberland has moved his regulars into the Highlands.

Three battalions of regulars and eight Highland companies had reoccupied Fort Augustus on May 17; the Macphersons had surrendered the same day.

On the day of the planned rendezvous, Clanranald never appeared and Lochgarry and Barisdale only showed up with about three hundred combined (most of whom had immediately dispersed in search of food).

Lochiel, who commands possibly the strongest Jacobite unit at Culloden, is only able to muster about three hundred.

The following morning Lochiel is alerted that a body of Highlanders is approaching.

Assuming they are Barisdale's Macdonalds, Locheil waits until they are identified as Loudoun's by the "red crosses in their bonnets".

Locheil's men disperse without fighting.

The following week the Government will launch punitive expeditions into the Highlands that will continue throughout the summer.

Cumberland while in Inverness had emptied the jails that were full of people imprisoned by Jacobite supporters, replacing them with Jacobites themselves.

Prisoners had been taken south to England to stand trial for high treason.

Many had been held on hulks on the Thames or in Tilbury Fort, and executions took place in Carlisle, York and Kennington Common.

The common Jacobite supporters fare better than the ranking individuals.

In total, one hundred and twenty common men are executed, one third of them being deserters from the British Army.

The common prisoners draw lots among themselves and only one out of twenty actually comes to trial.

Although most of those who do stand trial are sentenced to death, almost all of these have their sentences commuted to transportation to the British colonies for life.

In all, nine hundred and thirty-six men men are thus transported, and two hundred and twenty-two more are banished.

Even so, nine hundred and five prisoners will actually be released under the Act of Indemnity of June 1747.

Another three hundred and eighty-two will obtain their freedom by being exchanged for prisoners of war who are held by France.

Of the total three thousand four hundred and seventy-one prisoners recorded nothing is known of the fate of six hundred and forty-eight.

The high ranking "rebel lords" are executed on Tower Hill in London.

The British Army now embarks upon the so-called 'pacification' of Jacobite areas of the highlands.

Edward Cornwallis, who had participated in the Battle of Fontenoy during the War of the Austrian Succession, has played an important role in suppressing the Rising.

After fighting for the victorious British soldiers at Culloden, he leads a regiment of three hundred and twenty men north for the pacification of the Scottish Highlands.

The Duke of Cumberland has ordered him to "plunder, burn and destroy through all the west part of Invernesshire called Lochaber."

Cumberland added: "You have positive orders to bring no more prisoners to the camp."

Cornwallis's campaign will later be described as one of unrestrained violence.

Cornwallis orders his men to chase off livestock, destroy crops and food stores.

Cornwallis's soldiers use rape and mass murder to intimidate Jacobites from further rebellion.

All those the troops believed to be 'rebels' are killed, as are non-combatants; 'rebellious' settlements are burned and livestock is confiscated on a large scale.

Over a hundred Jacobites are hanged.

Women are imprisoned and droves of people are sent by ship to London for trial and, as the journey takes up to eight months, many of them will die on the way.

Charles Edward Stuart following his flight from the battle had made his way towards the Hebrides with some supporters, reaching Arisaig on the west coast of Scotland by April 20.

After spending a few days with his close associates, Stuart had sailed for the island of Benbecula in the Outer Hebrides, thence travelling to Scalpay, off the east coast of Harris, and from there making his way to Stornoway.

For five months Stuart has criss-crossed the Hebrides, constantly pursued by Government supporters and under threat from local lairds who are tempted to betray him for the thirty thousand upon his head.

During this time he had met Flora Macdonald, who famously aided him in a narrow escape to Skye.

Finally, on September 19, Stuart reaches Borrodale on Loch nan Uamh in Arisaig, where his party boards two small French ships, which ferry them to France.

He will never return to Scotland.