John Tarchaneiotes (fl.

1259–1304) is an East Roman (Byzantine) aristocrat and general under Emperor Andronikos II Palaiologos (r. 1282–1328).

Although related by blood to the Palaiologos dynasty, he becomes notable as one of the main leaders of the "Arsenites", the supporters of the deposed Patriarch of Constantinople Arsenios Autoreianos, who challenges the dynasty's legitimacy.

A capable soldier, he is released from prison in 1298 to take command against the Turks in Asia Minor.

His administrative reforms and integrity shore up the imperial position, but arouse the ire of the local magnates, who force him to abandon the province.