Joseph Pulitzer

Joseph Pulitzer (April 10, 1847 – October 29, 1911) is a newspaper publisher of the St. Louis Post-Dispatch and the New York World.

He becomes a leading national figure in the Democratic Party and is elected congressman from New York.

He crusades against big business and corruption, and helps keep the Statue of Liberty in New York.

In the 1890s the fierce competition between his World and William Randolph Hearst's New York Journal causes both to develop the techniques of yellow journalism, which win over readers with sensationalism, sex, crime and graphic horrors.

The wide appeal reaches a million copies a day and opens the way to mass-circulation newspapers that depend on advertising revenue (rather than cover price or political party subsidies) and appeal to readers with multiple forms of news, gossip, entertainment and advertising.

Today, his name is best known for the Pulitzer Prizes, which are established in 1917 as a result of his endowment to Columbia University.

The prizes are given annually to recognize and reward excellence in American journalism, photography, literature, history, poetry, music and drama.

Pulitzer founds the Columbia School of Journalism by his philanthropic bequest; it opens in 1912.

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