Maquinna
chief of the Nuu-chah-nulth people of Nootka Sound
1755 CE to 1820 CE
Maquinna (also transliterated Muquinna, Macuina, Maquilla) is the chief of the Nuu-chah-nulth people of Nootka Sound, during the heyday of the maritime fur trade in the 1780s and 1790s on the Pacific Northwest Coast.
The name means "possessor of pebbles".
His people are today known as the Mowachaht and reside today with their kin, the Muchalaht, at Gold River, British Columbia, Canada.
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Northern Oceania
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Knowing that Cook had previously surveyed the coast west of Prince William Sound and found no passage, Malaspina ceases his search at that point and sails to the Spanish outpost at Nootka Sound on Vancouver Island.
Malaspina's expedition spends a month at Nootka Sound.
While at Nootka, the expedition's scientists make a study of the Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka peoples).
The relationship between the Spanish and the Nootkas us at its lowest point when Malaspina arrives.
Malaspina and his crew are able to greatly improve the relationship, which is one of their objectives and reasons for stopping in the first place.
Due in part to Malaspina's ability to bequeath generous gifts from his well-supplied ships about to return to Mexico, the friendship between the Spanish and the Nootkas is strengthened
The gaining of the Nootka chief Maquinna's trust is particularly significant, as he is one of the most powerful chiefs of the region and had been very wary of the Spanish when Malaspina arrived.
His friendship strengthens the Spanish claim to Nootka Sound, which is in question after the Nootka Crisis and resolved in the subsequent Nootka Conventions.
The Spanish government is eager for the Nootka to formally agree that the land upon which the Spanish outpost stands had been ceded freely and legally.
This desire has to do with Spain's negotiations with Britain than over Nootka Sound and the Pacific Northwest.
Malaspina is able to acquire exactly what the government wants.
After weeks of negotiations the principal Nootka chief, Maquinna, agrees that the Spanish will always remain owners of the land they then occupy, and that they have acquired it with all due propriety.
The outcome of the Nootka Convention depends in part on this pact.
Malaspina's expedition spends a month at Nootka Sound.
While at Nootka, the expedition's scientists make a study of the Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka peoples).
The relationship between the Spanish and the Nootkas us at its lowest point when Malaspina arrives.
Malaspina and his crew are able to greatly improve the relationship, which is one of their objectives and reasons for stopping in the first place.
Due in part to Malaspina's ability to bequeath generous gifts from his well-supplied ships about to return to Mexico, the friendship between the Spanish and the Nootkas is strengthened
The gaining of the Nootka chief Maquinna's trust is particularly significant, as he is one of the most powerful chiefs of the region and had been very wary of the Spanish when Malaspina arrived.
His friendship strengthens the Spanish claim to Nootka Sound, which is in question after the Nootka Crisis and resolved in the subsequent Nootka Conventions.
The Spanish government is eager for the Nootka to formally agree that the land upon which the Spanish outpost stands had been ceded freely and legally.
This desire has to do with Spain's negotiations with Britain than over Nootka Sound and the Pacific Northwest.
Malaspina is able to acquire exactly what the government wants.
After weeks of negotiations the principal Nootka chief, Maquinna, agrees that the Spanish will always remain owners of the land they then occupy, and that they have acquired it with all due propriety.
The outcome of the Nootka Convention depends in part on this pact.
In addition to the expedition's work with the Nootkas, astronomical observations are made to fix the location of Nootka Sound and calibrate the expedition's chronometers.
Nootka Sound is surveyed and mapped with an accuracy far greater than had previously been available.
Unexplored channels are investigated.
The maps are also linked to the baseline established by Captain Cook, allowing calibration between Spanish and British charts.
Botanical studies are carried out, including an attempt to make a type of beer out of conifer needles that is hoped to have anti-scorbutic properties for combating scurvy.
The expedition ships take on water and wood, and provide the Spanish outpost with many useful goods, including medicines, food, various tools and utensils, and a Réaumur scale thermometer.
Nootka Sound is surveyed and mapped with an accuracy far greater than had previously been available.
Unexplored channels are investigated.
The maps are also linked to the baseline established by Captain Cook, allowing calibration between Spanish and British charts.
Botanical studies are carried out, including an attempt to make a type of beer out of conifer needles that is hoped to have anti-scorbutic properties for combating scurvy.
The expedition ships take on water and wood, and provide the Spanish outpost with many useful goods, including medicines, food, various tools and utensils, and a Réaumur scale thermometer.
Vancouver had advanced to post rank on August 28, 1794.
Four days later, Discovery and Chatham put into Nootka; all are saddened to learn that Quadra had suddenly died.
Brigadier General Don Jose Alava, the new Governor of Nootka, is cooperative and friendly, but no instructions have arrived to enable the commanders to resolve the situation.
Alava and Vancouver are on friendly terms, jointly conducting local explorations, including a large celebration with Maquinna.
Four days later, Discovery and Chatham put into Nootka; all are saddened to learn that Quadra had suddenly died.
Brigadier General Don Jose Alava, the new Governor of Nootka, is cooperative and friendly, but no instructions have arrived to enable the commanders to resolve the situation.
Alava and Vancouver are on friendly terms, jointly conducting local explorations, including a large celebration with Maquinna.