Ghiyas-uddin Pir 'Ali had been made Timur's vassal, until he supported a rebellion in 1382 by the maliks of Herat.

Ghiyas-uddin Pir 'Ali and his family are executed around 1383, and Timur's son Miran Shah destroys the revolt.

This same year, a new uprising led by a Shaikh Da'ud-i Khitatai in Isfizar, to the west of Herat, is quickly put down by Miran Shah.

Timur appoints his son Miran Shah as viceroy of Azerbaijan.

The Kartids, a Persian dynasty that had, during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, ruled over a large part of Khorasan from their capital at Herat and in central Khorasan in the Bamyan-Valley, had at first been subordinates within the Mongol Ilkhanate.

Upon the fragmentation of the Ilkhanate in 1335, the Kartids had acted as de facto independent rulers up until the invasion of Timur in 1381.

The dynasty is brought to an end by Miran Shah when he murders the remaining Kartids at a banquet in 1396.

The Jalayirid sultanate, a Mongol descendant dynasty that has ruled over Iraq and western Persia since the breakup of the Mongol Khanate of Persia (or Ilkhanate) in the 1330s, has been disrupted by the conquests of the Chagatai amir Timur and the revolts of the "Black sheep Turks" or Kara Koyunlu.

In 1393, Timur had renewed the war with Sultan Ahmad, arrived at Baghdad, where Ahmad was residing, near the end of August.

Deciding that defending the city was impossible, Ahmad had fled and traveled to Mamluk Syria, and had been granted asylum by Sultan Berquq.

Although Baghdad had been forced to pay a ransom and many captives, including Ahmad's son Ala al-Daula, had been taken with Timur when he left the city, most of the citizenry had been left unharmed.

A Sarbadar, Khwaja Mas'ud Sabzavari, had been given control of the city with his three thousand troops.

In 1394, Ahmad had returned to Baghdad and Khwaja Mas'ud had withdrawn his forces to Shushtar rather than fight.

As a result, Ahmad has able to regain control of the city for the past six years.

He has grown increasingly unpopular, however, and in 1397 or 1398 an unsuccessful conspiracy had been hatched against him.

Feeling unsafe in Baghdad, he had left the city and requested the assistance of the Black Sheep under Qara Yusuf.

The Turkmen had arrived at the city, but Ahmad had had a difficult time in preventing them from plundering Baghdad, and he eventually turned them back.

In 1398, Timur's son and governor of Azerbaijan, Miran Shah, had attempted to take Baghdad but Ahmad had successfully resisted him.

Timur, attacked by fever and plague when encamped on the farther side of the Sihon (Syr-Daria), dies at Atrar (Otrar) in mid-February 1405.

His scouts had explored Mongolia before his death, and the writing they had carved on trees in Mongolia's mountains could still be seen even in the twentieth century.

Of Timur's four sons, two (Jahangir and Umar Shaykh) have predeceased him.

His third son, Miran Shah, dies soon after Timur, leaving the youngest son, Shah Rukh.

Although his designated successor is his grandson Pir Muhammad (born Jahangir), Timur is ultimately succeeded in power by his son Shah Rukh.

His most illustrious descendant, Babur, will found the Mughal Empire and rule over most of North India.

Babur's descendants, Akbar, Jahangir, Shah Jahan and Aurangzeb, will expand the Mughal Empire to most of the Indian subcontinent along with parts of modern Afghanistan.

Timur had put his son Mirza Halil in charge of the affairs of Armenia, Trebizond, and Georgia, but with his father's death in 1405, Halil rushes off to assume the throne at Samarkand, leaving Trebizond and the local Turkmen princes of the region effectively free.

Qara Yusuf returns from exile in Egypt to Azerbaijan, defeats the Timurid Abu Bakr, son of Miran Shah, near Nakhichevan, and …

…reoccupies Tabriz in 1406.