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Pope Simplicius

head of the Catholic Church

Years: 410 - 483

Pope Simplicius (Italian: Simplicio; died March 10, 483) was the head of the Catholic Church from 468 to his death in 483.

He was born in Tivoli, Italy, the son of a citizen named Castinus.

Most of what is known of him is derived from the Liber Pontificalis.

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Childeric I: The …

Childeric I: The "New Constantine" and His Role in Gaul (469 CE)

By 469 CE, Childeric I, king of the Salian Franks, continues to solidify his power in northern Gaul, maneuvering between Roman, Visigothic, and Saxon influences. His growing influence does not go unnoticed by the Pope, who reportedly offers him the title of "the new Constantine"—a comparison to the first Christian Roman emperor—on the condition that he convert to Christianity.

The Pope’s Offer and Its Significance

The title "New Constantine" is a highly symbolic gesture, implying that Childeric could become a protector of the Christian Church much like Emperor Constantine the Great had been in the early fourth century.
While Childeric remains pagan throughout his reign, this offer foreshadows the later conversion of his son Clovis I, which will reshape Frankish identity and tie the Franks to Roman Catholic Christianity.
The Papal outreach demonstrates the growing political importance of the Franks as Rome’s influence continues to decline in Gaul.

Childeric's Campaign Against the Visigoths (469 CE)

At the request of Syagrius, the ruler of the Domain of Soissons, Childeric launches another military campaign against the Visigoths, whose power continues to threaten northern Gaul. This attack:

Reinforces the Frankish-Roman alliance between Syagrius and Childeric.
Checks Visigothic expansion in Gaul, though it does not eliminate their influence.
Further establishes the Franks as the dominant force in northern and central Gaul.

Clearing Anglo-Saxon Pirates from the Loire

Shortly after his campaign against the Visigoths, Childeric turns his attention to the Anglo-Saxon pirates, who have been raiding settlements southwest of Orléans, near Angers. By driving them out, he:

Restores security to the region, reaffirming Frankish control.
Demonstrates his ability to protect Gallo-Roman populations, further cementing his authority.
Strengthens his position as a key defender of northern Gaul against external threats.

The Path to Frankish Dominance

These events mark a crucial stage in the rise of the Franks as the dominant force in Gaul. While Childeric does not convert to Christianity himself, his ties to the Papacy, his military victories, and his alliances with Syagrius and the Gallo-Romans lay the groundwork for:

The eventual conversion of the Franks under Clovis I.
The definitive conquest of Gaul, which will lead to the formation of the Frankish Kingdom.
The merging of Roman, Germanic, and Christian influences, which will shape the future of medieval Europe.

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Riothamus and the British-Roman Resistance Against the …

Riothamus and the British-Roman Resistance Against the Visigoths (c. 469 CE)

According to Jordanes, in The Origin and Deeds of the Goths, the British king Riothamus supports the Romans in their struggle against the Visigoths, who are expanding their power in Gaul under King Euric.

Riothamus and His British Army in Gaul

Riothamus, sometimes considered a "King of the Britons", crosses into Gaul with a British army, likely a force of Brittonic warriors from Armorica (Brittany) or the British Isles.
His troops are sent to reinforce the Roman war effort, possibly at the request of Syagrius, the ruler of the Domain of Soissons, who is desperately resisting Visigothic expansion.
The British force is tasked with defending Roman territories in central Gaul, particularly in the district of Berry.

The Visigothic Ambush and Defeat of Riothamus

As Riothamus and his forces advance, King Euric of the Visigoths intercepts them.
Facing overwhelming odds, the British force is decisively defeated.
This Visigothic victory cements their control over Berry, marking a major setback for the Romans and their allies.

The Aftermath and the Decline of Roman Influence in Gaul

The defeat of Riothamus’ forces further weakens Roman authority in Gaul and accelerates the Visigothic conquest of the region. With:

Syagrius struggling to maintain control of northern Gaul,
The Franks growing in power,
And the Western Roman Empire in terminal decline,

the Visigoths emerge as the dominant force in southern and central Gaul, further consolidating their kingdom, which will later evolve into the Visigothic Kingdom of Toulouse.

Riothamus' campaign, though ultimately unsuccessful, reflects the wider struggle between the last remnants of Roman rule and the rising barbarian kingdoms, which will define the transition from Late Antiquity to the early medieval period.