Samsam al-Dawla

Abu Kalijar Marzuban aka Samsam al-Dawla (c. 963 – December 998) is the Buyid amir of Iraq (983–987), as well as Fars and Kerman (988 or 989 – 998).

He is the second son of 'Adud al-Dawla.

The Abbasaid recognize his succession and confer upon him the title Samsam Al-Dawla.

Samsam's rule lasts for barely four years.

He lacks the qualities of his father 'Adud al-Dawla and fails to maintain a firm grip upon his state affairs.

His rule is marked by revolts and civil wars in the Buwayhid emirates.

During 'Adud al-Dawla's lifetime, Abu Kalijar Marzuban is assigned the governorships of Buyid Oman and Khuzestan.

Despite Marzuban's status as second son (Shirdil being the eldest), he is considered unofficially to be his father's heir.

This issue is never completely clarified by 'Adud al-Dawla before his death, resulting in a succession crisis.

Marzuban, who is in Baghdad when his father dies, at first keeps his death secret in order to ensure his succession.

When he makes the death of his father public, he takes the title "Samsam al-Dawla".

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