Shimon Peres

Shimon Peres (born Szymon Perski; August 2, 1923 – September 28, 2016) is an Israeli politician who serves as the ninth President of Israel (2007–2014), the Prime Minister of Israel (twice), and the Interim Prime Minister, in the 1970s to the 1990s.

He is a member of twelve cabinets and represents five political parties in a political career spanning seventy years.

Peres is elected to the Knesset in November 1959 and except for a three-month-long hiatus in early 2006, is in office continuously until he is elected President in 2007.

At the time of his retirement in 2014, he is the world's oldest head of state and is considered the last link to Israel's founding generation.

From a young age, he is renowned for his oratorical brilliance, and is chosen as a protégé by David Ben-Gurion, Israel's founding father.

He begins his political career in the late 1940s, holding several diplomatic and military positions during and directly after the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.

His first high-level government position is as Deputy Director-General of Defense in 1952, which he attains at the age of twenty-eight, and Director-General from 1953 until 1959.

In 1956, he takes part in the historic negotiations on the Protocol of Sèvres described by British Prime Minister Anthony Eden as the "highest form of statesmanship".

In 1963, he holds negotiations with U.S. President John F. Kennedy, which results in the sale of Hawk anti-aircraft missiles to Israel, the first sale of U.S. military equipment to Israel.

Peres represents Mapai, Rafi, the Alignment, Labor and Kadima in the Knesset, and led Alignment and Labor.

Peres first succeeds Yitzhak Rabin as Acting Prime Minister briefly during 1977, before becoming Prime Minister from 1984 to 1986.

As Foreign Minister under Prime Minister Rabin, Peres engineers the 1994 Israel–Jordan peace treaty, and wins the 1994 Nobel Peace Prize together with Rabin and Yasser Arafat for the Oslo Accords peace talks with the Palestinian leadership.

In 1996, he founds the Peres Center for Peace, which has the aim of "promot[ing] lasting peace and advancement in the Middle East by fostering tolerance, economic and technological development, cooperation and well-being."[

After suffering a stroke, Peres dies on 28 September 2016 near Tel Aviv.

Peres was a polyglot, speaking Polish, French, English, Russian, Yiddish, and Hebrew, although he never lost his Polish accent when speaking in Hebrew.

In his private life, he was a poet and songwriter, writing stanzas during cabinet meetings, with some of his poems later being recorded as songs in albums.

As a result of his deep literary interests, he could quote from Hebrew prophets, French literature, and Chinese philosophy with equal ease.

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