Cedynia, Battle of

In the Battle of Cedynia or Zehden, an army of Mieszko I of Poland defeates forces of Hodo or Odo I of Lusatia on 24 June 972, near the Oder river.

Whether or not the battle actually took place near the modern day town of Cedynia is disputed in modern scholarship.Mieszko I, Poland's first documented ruler based in Greater Poland, had successfully campaigned in the Cedynia area, then a West Slavic tribal territory also coveted by Holy Roman Emperor Otto I and German nobles.

While Mieszko's differences with Otto I were settled by an alliance and payment of tribute to the latter, the nobles whom Otto I had invested with the former Saxon Eastern March, most notably Odo I, challenged Mieszko's gains.

The battle is to determine the possession of the area between Mieszko and Odo.

Records of the battle are sparse: it was briefly described by the chronicler Thietmar of Merseburg (975-1018), whose father participated in the battle (Chronicon II.19).Largely unknown in Poland before the Second World WarI, the battle was used by post-war Polish propaganda to justify the Oder-Neisse line, which in 1945 made former German Cedynia Poland's westernmost town, and rendered into a German-Polish battle to underline the doctrine of "eternal German-Polish enmity".

Several memorials were erected in Cedynia to that effect, including a 15 metres (49 ft) tall concrete statue of a Polish eagle on a sword overseeing town and Oder river from a hilltop.

With the fall of Communism, the propagandistic approach was discarded, yet the battle retained some prominence in historical studies and is included in modern Polish curricula.

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