The new state that arises during Usman…
1684 CE to 1827 CE
The caliphate is a loose confederation of emirates that recognizes the suzerainty of the commander of the faithful, the sultan.
When Usman dan Fodio dies in 1817, he is succeeded by his son, Muhammad Bello.
A dispute between Bello and his uncle, Abdullahi, results in a nominal division of the caliphate into eastern and western divisions, although the supreme authority of Bello as caliph is upheld.
The division is institutionalized through the creation of a twin capital at Gwandu, which is responsible for the western emirates as far as modern Burkina Faso—formerly Upper Volta—and initially as far west as Massina in modern Mali.
As events turn out, the eastern emirates are more numerous and larger than the western ones, which reinforces the primacy of the caliph at Sokoto.
Locations
People
Groups
Igbo people
View →
Dutch people
View →
Hausa people
View →
Portuguese people
View →
Yoruba people
View →
Ijaw people
View →
French people (Latins)
View →
English people
View →
Benin Empire
View →
Ibibio people
View →
Portugal, Avizan (Joannine) Kingdom of
View →
Portuguese Empire
View →
Bonny, Ijo city-state of
View →
Portuguese Gold Coast
View →
Sweden, (second) Kingdom of
View →
Netherlands, United Provinces of the (Dutch Republic)
View →
France, (Bourbon) Kingdom of
View →
Oyo Empire
View →
Calabar, Efik state of
View →
Gold Coast, Brandenburger
View →
Aro Confederacy
View →
Elem, Ijo city-state of
View →
Sokoto, Kingdom of
View →
Denmark, Kingdom of
View →