Treaties had been signed with rulers as…
1888 CE to 1899 CE
Treaties had been signed with rulers as far north as Sokoto by 1885, but actual British control will be confined to the coastal area and the immediate vicinity of Lokoja until 1900.
The Royal Niger Company has access to the territory from Lokoja extending along the Niger and Benue rivers above their confluence, but there is no effective control, even after punitive expeditions against Bida and Ilorin in 1897.
The clear intent is to occupy the Sokoto Caliphate, but for that purpose the Royal Niger Company is not deemed to be a sufficient instrument of imperialism.
Consequently, on December 31, 1899, Britain terminates the charter of the company, providing compensation and retention of valuable mineral rights.