Dionysius the Younger had regained control of…

Philip’s wound does not incapacitate him completely, however; in the following year, he has the energy to reorganize Thessaly into its four old divisions, or “tetrachies.”

Philip meanwhile continues his tactic of setting the Greek city-states, such as Thebes and Sparta, against each other, and penetrates Greece without war, by winning and buying friends among the politicians of the smaller cities and intervening occasionally with subsidies or a force of mercenaries in their local disturbances.

One group of Athenians seems, after 346 BCE, to want war against Persia, and this entails good relations with Philip.

Demosthenes, who constantly works against this policy, argues that Philip is untrustworthy; he points out that Philip is a persistent peace breaker, as, for instance, in the Peloponnese and on Euboea.

Demosthenes is one of several ambassadors sent out on a futile tour of the Peloponnesus to enlist support against Philip.

Philip n retaliation protests to Athens about certain statements made by these ambassadors.

Demosthenes' Second Philippic in 344 BCE retorts that he would never have agreed to the Peace of Philocrates if he had known that Philip would not honor his word; moreover, he asserts, Aeschines and others have lulled the Athenians into a false sense of security.

He persuades the Athenians to reject a proposed renegotiation of the peace terms offered by Philip in the person of an orator from Byzantium called Python.

Bagoas rules the court and the upper satrapies after the king's return to Susa, working in close partnership with Mentor of Rhodes, who restores the authority of the empire throughout the west.

Artaxerxes II of Persia has subdued Phoenicia and Cyprus, and advances now on Egypt with a great land and naval force.

The Great King is said to have devastated parts of Palestine in 343 in connection with his reconquest of Egypt.

Artaxerxes defeats the pharaoh Nectanebo II at Pelusium in the Nile River delta in 343.

A Persian satrap is placed over Egypt and its puppet Thirty-First dynasty, the walls of its cities are destroyed, its temples are plundered, and Artaxerxes reportedly kills the Apis bull with his own hand. (The local dynasty flees south to Nubia, where it will maintain an independent kingdom that will keep alive the hopes of a national revival.)

Bagoas, commander in chief of the Achaemenid forces, gains wealth by selling back to the priests at an exorbitant price the sacred writings looted from Egyptian temples.

Aristotle is thirty-nine in 343 BCE when he moves to Pella to become the instructor of Phillip's thirteen-year-old son, crown prince Alexander, inspiring him with an interest in philosophy, medicine, and scientific investigation.

Phocion helps the Megarians defend themselves against Philip in 343 BCE.

The issue with Aeschines comes to a public trial, in which Demosthenes and Timarchus seek to prosecute Aeschines for treason.

Demosthenes, in his speech The False Legation, accuses Aeschines of rendering false reports, giving bad counsel, disobeying instructions, and being susceptible to bribery.

In retaliation, Aeschines successfully indicts Timarchus for gross immorality, and at his own trial in the autumn of 343, a narrow majority acquits him, Aeschines having defended himself against the charge in his speech On the False Embassy.

Philip II of Macedon quite easily assimilates the Odrysian kingdom in Thrace, which had in about 360 split into three polities.

According to legend, when Philip attacks the Getae, they send out against him priests robed in white and playing lyres.

He makes another and final move against Thrace in 342, removing the first local recalcitrant, Cersobleptes.

From the economic as well as the political point of view, subduing the Thracian rulers has been well worth the effort: …

…the gorgeous Thracian Treasure from Rogozen in Bulgaria, discovered in 1986, consists of one hundred and sixty-five high-grade silver and gilded vessels; one of them is inscribed “Property of Cersobleptes.”