Muhammad Ali's development strategy for Egypt is…

Muhammad Ali's development strategy for Egypt is based on agriculture.

He expands the area under cultivation and plants crops specifically for export, such as long-staple cotton, rice, indigo, and sugarcane.

The surplus income from agricultural production is used for public works, such as irrigation, canals, dams, and barrages, and to finance industrial development and the military.

The development plans hinge on the state's gaining a monopoly over the country's agricultural resources.

In practical, terms, this means the peasants are told what crops to plant, in what quantity, and over what area.

The government buys directly from the peasants and sells directly to the buyer, cutting out the intermediaries or merchants.