New plebiscites in the duchies and the…

March 1860 CE

New plebiscites in the duchies and the Papal Legations reconfirm popular sentiment in favor of union with Piedmont.

It is fear of a democratic revolution, the need to weaken Austria, and England's desire to set up a strong Italian state as a counterweight to French influence that induce the European powers to assist the Piedmontese monarchy in obtaining this great success.

Modena, Parma, Romagna and Tuscany vote in referendums for union with Sardinia-Piedmont on March 5, 1860.

This alarms Napoleon III, who fears a strong Savoyard state on his south-eastern border and he insists that if the Kingdom of Sardinia is to keep the new acquisitions they will have to cede Savoy and Nice to France.

This is done after referenda shows over 99.5% majorities in both areas in favor of joining France.

Victor Emmanuel now secretly encourages the revolutionary general Giuseppe Garibaldi to conquer Sicily and Naples.

Locations
Turin > Torino Piemonte Italy View →

People
Francis II of the Two Sicilies View → Giuseppe Garibaldi View → Napoleon III View → Victor Emanuel II View →

Groups
Papal States (Republic of St. Peter) View → Austria, Archduchy of View → Britain (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland) View → Sardinia, Kingdom of View → Savoy, (restored) Duchy of View → Sicilies, Kingdom of the Two View → France, Second Empire of View →

Topics
Italian unification View → Italian Revolutions of 1852-1863 View → Italian War of Independence, Second View → Expedition of the Thousand View →

Subjects
Government View → Custom and Law View →

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Location: Arcis sur Aube Champagne-Ardenne France
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