Orthodox Jews, especially the Hasidim, resent Zionism's…
1888 CE to 1899 CE
Orthodox Jews, especially the Hasidim, resent Zionism's reformulation of traditional Judaism.
Most East European Jews reject the notion of a return to the promised land before the appearance of the messiah.
They view Zionism as a secular European creation that aspires to change the focus of Judaism from devotion to Jewish law and religious ritual to the establishment of a Jewish nation-state.
