The Pope's refusal to go to war…
November 1848 CE
The Pope's refusal to go to war with Austria had totally reversed the up to now popular view of him in his native Italy.
In a calculated, well-prepared move, Prime Minister Rossi had been assassinated on November 15, 1848, and in the days following, the Swiss Guards had been disarmed, making the Pope a prisoner in his palace.
The Pope flees Rome in disguise for Naples on November 24, 1848.