...Tashkent, and the Trans-Aral Railway from Orenburg…

...Tashkent, and the Trans-Aral Railway from Orenburg to Tashkent have been constructed.

In the long term, the development of a cotton monoculture will render Turkestan dependent on food imports from Western Siberia, and the Turkestan-Siberia Railway will already be planned when the First World War breaks out.

Russian rule still remains distant from the local populace, mostly concerning itself with the small minority of Russian inhabitants of the region.

The local Muslims are not considered full Russian citizens.

They do not have the full privileges of Russians, but nor do they have the same obligations, such as military service.

The Tsarist regime leaves substantial elements of the previous regimes (such as Muslim religious courts) intact, and local self-government at the village level is quite extensive.