The Dutch, who had arrived in Asia…
1636 CE to 1647 CE
The Dutch, who had arrived in Asia a century after the Portuguese, had soon become active in the region's opium commerce.
Instead of trading directly with China like the Portuguese, the Dutch had established a permanent port at Batavia (modern Jakarta) in 1619.
They begin purchasing opium from Bengal in 1640 to supply Java's limited demand.
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Commodities
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Southeast Asia
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