The takeover in 1254 of Pistoia, a…
1254 CE
The takeover in 1254 of Pistoia, a Ghibelline city in Tuscany, by Guelph Florence, supposedly results in the division of the Guelphs into "Black" and "White" factions.
Pistoia is to remain a Florentine holding except for a brief period in the fourteenth century, when Castruccio Castracani will capture it for Lucca; the city will be officially annexed to Florence in 1530.