251–356), also known as Saint Anthony, Anthony of Egypt, Anthony the Abbot, Anthony of the Desert, Anthony the Anchorite, Anthony of Thebes, Abba Antonius), and Father of All Monks, is a Christian saint from Egypt, a prominent leader among the Desert Fathers.
He is celebrated in many churches on his feast days: 30 January in the Old-Calendar Eastern Orthodox Church and the Coptic Orthodox Church; 17 January in the New-Calendar Eastern Orthodox Church, the Bulgarian Orthodox Church, the Roman Catholic Church and the Coptic Catholic Church.
The biography of Anthony's life by Athanasius of Alexandria helps to spread the concept of monasticism, particularly in Western Europe through Latin translations.
He is often erroneously considered the first monk, but as his biography and other sources make clear, there were many ascetics before him.
Anthony is, however, the first known ascetic going into the wilderness (about 270–271), a geographical move that seems to have contributed to his renown.
Accounts of Anthony enduring supernatural temptation during his sojourn in the Libyan Desert inspired the often-repeated subject of the temptation of St. Anthony in Western art and literature.
Anthony is appealed to against infectious diseases, particularly skin diseases.
In the past, many such afflictions, including ergotism, erysipelas, and shingles, were historically referred to as "St. Anthony's fire."
