Umar al-Aqtaʿ

‘Umar ibn ʿAbdallah ibn Marwan or ʿAmr ibn ʿUbaydallah ibn Marwan, surnamed al-Aqtaʿ, "the one-handed", and found as Amer or Ambros in Byzantine sources, is the semi-independent Arab emir of Malatya (Melitene) from the 830s until his death in the Battle of Lalakaon on September 3, 863.

During this time, he is one of the greatest enemies of the Byzantine Empire on its eastern frontier, and becomes a prominent figure in later Arabic and Turkish epic literature.

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