The Restoration (Spanish: Restauración) or Bourbon Restoration (Spanish: Restauración borbónica) is the period in Spanish history between the First Spanish Republic and the Second Spanish Republic from 1874 to 1931
It begins on 29 December 1874, after a coup d'état by General Arsenio Martínez Campos ends the First Spanish Republic and restores the monarchy under Alfonso XII, and ends on 14 April 1931 with the proclamation of the Second Spanish Republic.
After nearly a century of political instability and several civil wars, the Restoration attempts to establish a new political system that ensures stability through the practice of turno, an intentional rotation of liberal and conservative parties in leadership often achieved through electoral fraud.
Critics of the system include republicans, socialists, anarchists, Basque and Catalan nationalists, and Carlists.
