Constantine III occupies Arles and established tenuous…

Constantine III occupies Arles and established tenuous authority over Gaul, sharing control with marauding "barbarians".

This is generally seen as the beginning of Rome's withdrawal from Britain.

Constantine's two generals Iustinianus and the Frank Nebiogastes, leading the vanguard of his forces, are defeated in 407 by Sarus, Stilicho's lieutenant, with Nebiogastes being first trapped in, then killed outside, Valence.

However, Constantine sends another army headed by Edobichus and Gerontius, and Sarus is forced to retreat into Italy, needing to buy his passage through the Alpine passes from the brigand Bagaudae, who control them.

Constantine secures the Rhine frontier, and garrisons the passes that lead from Gaul into Italy.