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Catherine II dies in 1796, and her …

Years: 1792 - 1803

Catherine II dies in 1796, and her son Paul (r. 1796-1801) succeeds her.

Painfully aware that Catherine had planned to bypass him and name his son, Alexander, as tsar, Paul institutes primogeniture in the male line as the basis for succession.

It is one of the few lasting reforms of Paul's brief reign.

He also charters a Russian-American company, which eventually leads to Russia's acquisition of Alaska.

Paul is haughty and unstable, and he frequently reverses his previous decisions, creating administrative chaos and accumulating enemies.

As a major European power, Russia cannot escape the wars involving revolutionary and Napoleonic France.

Paul becomes an adamant opponent of France, and Russia joins Britain and Austria in a war against France.

In 1798-99 Russian troops under one of the country's most famous generals, Aleksandr Suvorov, performs brilliantly in Italy and Switzerland.

Paul reverses himself, however, and abandons his allies.

This reversal, coupled with increasingly arbitrary domestic policies, sparks a coup, and in March 1801 Paul is assassinated.

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Northeastern Eurasia (1792 - 1803)
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East Europe (1792 - 1803)