Traditional historians of Spanish America dub the…

1804 CE to 1815 CE

Traditional historians of Spanish America dub the first years of the independence struggle the Patria Boba (Foolish Fatherland), both because of the patriots' disunity and because provincial legislatures waste so much time on well-intentioned but impractical innovations.

Elaborate declarations of citizens' rights, more on the French than the American model, are just one example, but a few of the measures are noteworthy: thus Antioquia Province begins the process of abolishing slavery with a law of free birth, and Cartagena, which has one of the headquarters of the Spanish Inquisition, closes it down.

Moreover, although political disunity is unfortunate, it faithfully reflects the fact that New Granada's population clusters, isolated by rugged topography and abysmal internal transportation, have really never had much to do with each other.

An outward appearance of unity is finally achieved in November-December 1814, when Bolivar, who owes the United Provinces a debt of gratitude for helping him militarily in Venezuela but is at the time a fugitive in New Granada, assumes command of an army that takes Santa Fe and compels Cundinamarca to join the confederation.

Unfortunately, Ferdinand VII, having been returned to his throne as king of Spain in March 1814, is determined to restore the colonial status quo.

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Bogotá Distrito Especial Colombia View →

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Antonio José Amar y Borbón View → Charles IV of Spain View → Ferdinand VII of Spain View → Joseph Bonaparte View → Napoleon View →

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Tairona View → Christians, Roman Catholic View → Muisca (Amerind tribe) View → Inquisition, Spanish View → Spaniards (Latins) View → Granada, New Kingdom of (Spanish colony) View → Peru, Viceroyalty of View → Spain, Habsburg Kingdom of View → Quito, Real Audiencia of View → Bogotá, Audiencia de Santa Fe de (Captaincy General of New Granada) View → Spain, Bourbon Kingdom of View → Britain, Kingdom of Great View → New Granada, Viceroyalty of View → New Granada, Viceroyalty of View → Venezuela, Captaincy General of View → Britain (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland) View → Spain, Bonapartist Kingdom of View → Cundinamarca, Free and Independent State View → New Granada, United Provinces of View → Spain, Bourbon Kingdom (first restoration) of View →

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