Jan van Eyck (or Johannes de Eyck) (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈjɑn vɑn ˈɛjk]) (before c. 1395 – before July 9, 1441) is a Flemish painter active in Bruges and considered one of the best Northern European painters of the 15th century.
There is a common misconception, which dates back to the sixteenth-century Vite of the Tuscan artist and biographer Giorgio Vasari, that Jan van Eyck invented oil painting.
Oil painting as a technique for painting wood statues and other objects is much older, and Theophilus (Roger of Helmarshausen?)
clearly gives instructions for oil-based painting in his treatise, On Divers Arts, written in 1125.
It is however true that the van Eyck brothers are among the earliest Early Netherlandish painters to use it for very detailed panel paintings, and that they achieve new and remarkable effects through the use of glazes, wet-on-wet and other techniques.
Thus, because of his early mastery of the technique, he was traditionally known as the "father of oil painting."
Jan van Eyck has often been linked as brother to painter and peer Hubert van Eyck, because both have been thought to originate from the same town, Maaseik in Limburg (Belgium).
Another brother, Lambert van Eyck, is mentioned in Burgundian court documents, and there is a conjecture that he too was a painter, and that he may have overseen the closing of Jan van Eyck's Bruges workshop.
Another significant, and rather younger, painter who worked in Southern France, Barthélemy van Eyck, is presumed to be a relation.
