The French cardinals, mortally offended by the…

The French cardinals, mortally offended by the new pontiff’s behavior, meet at Anagni five months after Urban’s election and invite Urban, who realizes that he will be seized and perhaps slain.

In his absence they issue a manifesto of grievances on August 9 that declares his election invalid because, they allege, under pressure and fear for their lives, they had been cowed by the mob into electing an Italian.