As Germanic, Alanic, and Hunnic peoples in…
412 CE to 423 CE
As Germanic, Alanic, and Hunnic peoples in invade the northern territories of the Roman Empire, Persia's northern borders are threatened first by a number of Hunnic peoples and then by the Hephthalites.
With both empires preoccupied by these threats, a largely peaceful period follows, interrupted only by two brief wars, the first in 421–422; the second will occur in 440.
Following the persecution of Christians in the Persian Empire by the Sassanid king Bahram V, which had come as a response to attacks by Christians against Zoroastrian temples; the Christian Eastern Roman Emperor Theodosius II declares war in 421 and obtains some victories, but in the end the two powers agree in 422 to sign a peace on the status quo ante.
Communication between Constantinople and Ctesiphon results in a one hundred-year peace, wherein the Persian ruler agrees to tolerate Christianity throughout the Sasanid empire; the Romans reciprocate by agreeing to tolerate Zoroastrianism throughout the Roman empire.
