Spain is the military and diplomatic standard-bearer…
1540 CE to 1683 CE
Spanish fleets defeat the Turks at Malta (1565) and at Lepanto (1572) — events celebrated even in hostile England.
These victories prevent the Mediterranean from becoming an Ottoman lake.
The defeat of the Grand Armada in 1588 averts the planned invasion of England but is not a permanent setback for the Spanish fleet, which recovers and continues to be an effective naval force in European waters.
Locations
Groups
Arab people
View →
Berber people (also called Amazigh people or Imazighen, "free men", singular Amazigh)
View →
Dutch people
View →
French people (Latins)
View →
Christians, Roman Catholic
View →
English people
View →
Sardinia, Kingdom of
View →
France, (Valois) Kingdom of
View →
Portugal, Avizan (Joannine) Kingdom of
View →
Turkish people
View →
Ottoman Empire
View →
Netherlands, Habsburg
View →
England, (Tudor) Kingdom of
View →
Naples, Kingdom of
View →
Spain, Habsburg Kingdom of
View →
Spaniards (Latins)
View →
Protestantism
View →
Pavia, (Spanish-ruled) Commune of
View →
Spain, Habsburg Kingdom of
View →
Iberian Union
View →
Portugal, Habsburg (Philippine) Kingdom of
View →
Netherlands, United Provinces of the (Dutch Republic)
View →
Netherlands, Southern (Spanish)
View →
France, (Bourbon) Kingdom of
View →
England, (Stuart) Kingdom of
View →
England, Commonwealth of
View →
England, (Stewart, Restored) Kingdom of
View →